OUTLAY ON EDUCATION

FROM  THE REPORT

" CHALLENGE OF EDUCATION "

NOV. 1985	OUTLAY ON EDUCATION
PRESENT SITUATION: -      India spends only 3% of its GNP on education -      Developed countries spend 8% -      1968 Review Committee recommended 6%
CHANGE / ACTION DESIRED: If India has to catch-up with the world progress, she must immediately increase allocation on education to 10% of GNP. Position to be reviewed and monitored every 5 years.
ADVANTAGES EXPECTED : High literacy-rate leading overall progress and significant breakthrough on family-welfare front.
ACTION BY : Ministry of Education & Ministry of Finance.

TRAINED TEACHERS

NOV. 1985	TRAINED TEACHERS
PRESENT SITUATION :                                1950        1978          1983        Growth-Rate % Trained Teachers   56.1           -             88.4          1.3% % Trained teachers     1.0          17.2            -            10.7% With 1st Degree % Teachers Non-       34.4          22.7           -            (-1.5%) Matriculate
CHANGE / ACTION DESIRED : -      Non- matriculate teachers to be replaced with Graduate-Degree-holders. -      Existing teachers must be made to pursue further study by providing appropriate incentives. Introduce dis-incentives for those who are reluctant to up-grade themselves.
ADVANTAGES EXPECTED: -      Improved Quality of Education -      Would impart respectability to teaching profession.
ACTION BY : UGC to devise special courses for enhancing the qualifications for teachers.

PUPIL TEACHER RATIO

NOV. 1985	PUPIL TEACHER RATIO
PRESENT SITUATION : Total Teacher Population            32.0 lacs Total Number of Institutions         6.9 lacs Total enrolment                        11.4 crores Teacher/ Institution ratio            4.63 Pupil/ Teacher ration                   165
CHANGE/ ACTION DESIRED  : -      Pupil/ Teacher ratio should be ideally 30 This will entail increase in Number of teachers to 176 lacs assuming total enrolment to remain constant. -      A large number of Persons will have to be motivated to take up this profession thru upward revision in the pay-scales and perquisites of the teaching community. -      A large number of modern & well- equipped Teachers- training Institutes will be required to be set up.
ADVANTAGES EXPECTED : Individual attention resulting in better quality of education.
ACTION BY : Ministry of Human Resources Development.

EXPENDITURE ON EDUCATION

FROM  THE REPORT

" CHALLENGE OF EDUCATION "

1.   OUTLAY ON EDUCATION

2. PLAN OUTLAY FOR EXPENDITURE EDUCATION

3. DIFFERENTIAL EXPENDITURE ON EDUCATION

4. EXPENDITURE ON RURAL EDUCATION

5. EXPENDITURE PER PUPIL PER ANNUM

6. STIPEND FOR HIGHER EDUCATION

7. PRIVATE DONATIONS FOR EDUCATION

8. ATTRACTING BLACK-MONEY FOR EDUCATION

ATTRACTING “BLACK- MONEY” FOR EDUCATION

FROM  THE REPORT

" CHALLENGE OF EDUCATION "

NOV. 1985	ATTRACTING “BLACK- MONEY” FOR EDUCATION
PRESENT SITUATION : Present outlay on education is Rs. 3200 Crores. With 1% per annum growth-rate (in population & enrolment ) the expected outlay by 1990-91 is expected outlay by 1990-91 is expected to be double i.e. Rs. 6,400 Crores. But with the desired growth in education this figure is bound to be around Rs. 30,000 Crores. Black-money in India is estimated varying between Rs. 37,000 to Rs. 72,000 Crores.
CHANGE/ ACTION DESIRED : To mobilize the need of about Rs. 30,000 Crores for education we must exert pressure to channelize the cast reservoir of Black-money. This can be accomplished by allowing people/ trust to invest in Educational Institutions. For such investments/ donations no questions should be asked with regard to source of income. Further, such investments must be allowed a return of 5% for 10 tears (exempted from tax) and thereof after 10 % return with maximum tax- liability pegged at 50% of the profits made.
ADVANTAGES EXPECTED : -      The resources gap with be bridged -      The “black-money” will get invested in constructive, nation- building, human-resource development oriented activity – a very noble purpose.
ACTION BY : GOI – Ministry of Finance &          Ministry of Education

PRIVATE DONATIONS FOR EDUCATION

FROM  THE REPORT

" CHALLENGE OF EDUCATION "

NOV. 1985	PRIVATE DONATIONS FOR EDUCATION
PRESENT SITUATION : Private donations toward education as a percentage of total expenses were as follows: 1900 – 1901        25.0% 1950 – 1951        11.6% 1980 – 1981         3.0%
CHANGE/ ACTION DESIRED : Private donations should be encouraged so a percentage of total expenses were as follows : 1900 – 1901        25.0% 1950 – 1951        11.6% 1980 – 1981          3.0% Donations toward educational purpose must quality for deduction at the rate of 150% under Income Tax rules, both for Capita as well as revenue expenses.
ADVANTAGES EXPECTED : Mobilisation of funds for education.
ACTION BY : GOI – Ministry of Finance

STIPEND FOR HIGHER EDUCATION

FROM  THE REPORT

" CHALLENGE OF EDUCATION "

NOV. 1985	STIPEND FOR HIGHER EDUCATION
PRESENT SITUATION : All M.E. /M. Tech. Students Receive A stipend of Rs. 1000/- per month. Likewise all students admitted to Ph.D receive large stipends.
CHANGE/ ACTION DESIRED : Discontinue stipends for all such courses. Fees charged must bear relation to the actual cost. Private Sector/Public Sector should normally sponsor students for such advance programmes for which tax-benefit should be extended under Income-Tax Act.
ADVANTAGES EXPECTED : Only those who are serious would pursue higher studies Technical Talents/ Knowledge will be channelised in the useful direction
ACTION BY: UGC GOI- Ministry of Finance Industrial Associations Chember of Commerce